AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Associate / Question #1957 of 1019

Question #1957

A company is hosting a web application on multiple Amazon EC2 instances spread across several Availability Zones within a single VPC. The application requires a scalable, low-latency storage solution that is simultaneously accessible by all instances, with strict data residency requirements to ensure all data remains within the VPC. What should a solutions architect propose?

A

Use Amazon S3 for storage and integrate it into the application via REST API calls

B

Deploy an Amazon S3 bucket and configure all instances to access it as a network-mounted drive

C

Provision an Amazon Elastic Block Store (EBS) volume and attach it to all instances concurrently

D

Implement an Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) file system and mount it on all instances

Explanation

Answer D is correct because Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) is designed for scalable, low-latency file storage that can be mounted concurrently by multiple EC2 instances across multiple Availability Zones (AZs) within a VPC. It ensures data residency by operating entirely within the VPC when configured with proper security groups and network ACLs.

Why other options are incorrect:
- A: Amazon S3 is object storage accessed via REST APIs, which introduces latency and is not natively mountable. Data residency requires VPC endpoints, which are not explicitly mentioned.
- B: S3 cannot be natively mounted as a network drive. Third-party tools like s3fs-fuse may introduce performance issues and do not guarantee VPC-only data access.
- C: EBS volumes cannot be attached to instances in multiple AZs simultaneously, even with Multi-Attach, which is limited to a single AZ.

Key Points:
- EFS supports multi-AZ, shared file storage with low latency.
- Data residency is ensured by keeping EFS within the VPC.
- EBS is limited to single-AZ or single-instance attachments.
- S3 is not suitable for file system-like access or low-latency requirements.

Answer

The correct answer is: D